St Theresa's Home was established in 1935 by the Little Sisters of the Poor to provide housing, food, clothing, medical and related services to the elderly.

The Little Sisters, a congregation of religious sisters known for their care of the sick and dying, set-up a home in Derbyshire Road for 12 elderly folk in 1935, before building the present home in 49 Upper Thomson Road in October 1939. The Sisters devoted themselves to the care of the sick and elderly in their charge, and worked tirelessly to assure the aged persons comfort and peace in their golden years.

On July 1, 2003, Catholic Welfare Services, Singapore took over the management of St Theresa's Home from the Little Sisters. Set up in 1959, Catholic Welfare Services, Singapore is the Action Arm of the Catholic Church of Singapore - initiating, assisting, co-ordinating and carrying out social services to alleviate poverty and distress among the people of Singapore, regardless of race or creed. St Theresa's Home is one of the three homes it manages. The other two are Villa Francis and St Joseph's Home. Both Villa Francis and St Theresa's Home are supported by the Brothers of Mercy and Infant Jesus Sisters whereas St Joseph's Home is managed by the Canossian Sisters.

At the Holy Eucharistic Celebration to mark the transfer of management, His Grace Archbishop Nicholas Chia expressed his appreciation to the Little Sisters for their dedicated services to the disadvantaged in Singapore.

Today St Theresa's Home is a voluntary welfare nursing home registered with the Ministry of Health. The staff endeavours to emulate the Little Sisters as best they can in the care and support they give the residents.

St Theresa's Home depends very much on financial support from benefactors and members of the public. The Ministry of Health also provides subvention for the upkeep of the residents and facilities at St. Theresa's Home.